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In an era marked by market volatility and global uncertainty, Pawan Bharaddia, Co-founder and CIO of Equitree Capital, has managed to deliver exceptional returns through disciplined investing.Under his leadership, the PMS scheme ‘Emerging Opportunities’ turned a Rs 1 crore investment in April FY25 into Rs 1.38 crore by year-end—an impressive 38% return.In this edition of ETMarkets PMS Talk, Bharaddia shares the investment philosophy, stock-picking framework, and sectoral tailwinds that are powering consistent wealth creation for his investors. Edited Excerpts –Q)Your PMS scheme ‘Emerging Opportunities’ has ranked second in FY25 and has consistently delivered strong returns over the 3–5-year period. What’s been the secret sauce behind this sustained outperformance?A) The foundation of our outperformance lies in disciplined, long-term investing in high-growth businesses. What’s critical to highlight is that the returns have primarily been driven by the earnings compounding, not multiple expansion. In other words, profits have done the heavy lifting—not sentiment-driven rerating.It’s interesting that we have delivered 52% CAGR over the last 5 years and a large part of our return has come from the underlying business performance itself.This is evidenced by the fact that the portfolio today trades at 13.5x FY26E earnings, with most of our holdings below their 10-year median PE. The valuation hasn’t expanded; the earnings have.Our approach is clear: identify fundamentally sound, scalable businesses early, build meaningful positions, and hold through the growth curve. This long-term orientation, combined with valuation discipline, has underpinned our consistent outperformance.Q) Despite volatility, your portfolio delivered 38.26% CAGR and outperformed BSE 500 TRI by over 32% in FY25. Which sectors or themes fueled this rally?A) We have strategically positioned our portfolio around three key structural themes: manufacturing, engineering, and infra ancillary sectors. Our approach has always been to seek businesses benefiting from strong operational leverage.This includes those successfully gaining market share, launching disruptive products, or carving out profitable niches within global value chains.For example, some of our portfolio companies have successfully developed and commercialised innovations such as solar-powered agricultural equipment and advanced railway safety technologies.Additionally, we've supported firms who are focused on import substitution and those integrating deeply into global trade dynamics. Collectively, these themes and tailwinds have significantly contributed to the portfolio’s outstanding performance as these companies scale meaningfully. Q) If an investor had deployed ₹1 crore in April FY25, what would it be worth today?A) Simply put, Rs 1 crore invested at the start of FY25 would have appreciated to approximately Rs 1.38 crore by year-end—leading to a compelling 38% return. To provide context, during the same period, the broader benchmarks significantly lagged as:● BSE 500 TRI grew to Rs 1.06 crore● NSE Smallcap Index similarly grew to Rs 1.06 croreThe point is not only superior returns, but also that our returns have been built on fundamental, earnings-driven performance, not transient market momentum or narratives. Q) Your portfolio corrected only ~8% over the last six months. How did you manage downside risk while still staying aggressive on returns?A) Three distinct elements underpinned our resilience:● Earnings Strength: Our portfolio companies consistently delivered solid results, posting a median year-on-year profit growth of approximately 19% in the first nine months of FY25, contrasting starkly with broader market weakness.● Valuation Discipline: Our holdings were strategically positioned near their historical valuation averages, avoiding valuation bubbles and limiting downside exposure.● Cash as a Strategic Lever: We aren’t compulsive investors. We understand that Small Caps inherently are volatile and practice staggered investing to leverage this volatility to our advantage irrespective of market conditions. In this case, for the new funds that we got over the last 6 months, we were holding around 60–70% in cash which helped us to contain the fall over the last 6 months. Likewise, we also tapered off some of our holdings to generate some cash for our existing investors which has also come in handy to contain the fall. We’ve since been deploying this cash prudently as the market corrections have given a fantastic opportunity.Risk management is deeply embedded in Equitree’s DNA - it’s instilled in how we pick, size, and scale our positions.Q) What’s your stock-picking framework?A) Our investment methodology is strictly bottom-up, anchored by deep business understanding and high conviction in management's integrity, ability, and executional track record.We typically invest in businesses with at least two decades of operational history, providing substantial insight into management behaviour, capital allocation strategies, and execution capabilities—essential aspects to minimise risks and avoid surprises.We conduct thorough due diligence involving detailed shop-floor visits, extensive management and mid-management engagements, competitive benchmarking, and granular financial analysis. Additionally, we strongly favour businesses with healthy internal cash flows, minimal leverage, and proven sustainability. To illustrate, barring just one exception, none of our 15 portfolio companies have raised fresh external capital in recent years.Our selection framework revolves around four core pillars: Growth Visibility, Reasonable Valuation, Management Quality, and Robust Cash Flow Generation. Q) Small & Midcaps saw major sell-offs post-September. What’s your view heading into FY26?A) While the valuations have been corrected, eventually markets will only look at growth. The opportunity lies in ground-level investing, not thematic sweeping.We continue to see considerable earnings visibility and robust prospects in manufacturing, engineering, infra ancillaries, and certain consumer-oriented sectors. For context, our portfolio companies anticipate 25–30% earnings growth for FY26.Nonetheless, potential global risks - such as shifting trade tariffs and geopolitical developments - could pose challenges. Yet, high-quality businesses positioned in structurally sound sectors are well-placed to emerge as significant wealth creators.Q) Nearly 40% of small caps posted over 20% growth. How do you separate the real winners from the value traps?A) Navigating the small-cap space demands rigorous discipline. Our approach, refined over more than a decade, has enabled us to achieve an 85% hit rate in stock selection, i.e 36 out of 42 companies invested in since 2012 have been successful delivering a minimum CAGR of 30%+ across each of these investments.We employ several stringent criteria to distinguish quality opportunities from value traps:● PEG > PE: A stock's low valuation alone doesn’t signify value. We prioritize PEG ratios under 1, implying that if a stock trades at 30x earnings, it must demonstrate at least 30% earnings growth.● Substance over Stories: We avoid speculative, unproven businesses banking on projected futures. Instead, we focus on proven, sustainably profitable businesses with tangible growth and financial resilience.● Historical Management Patterns: Extensive operating history provides critical insights into management’s historical behaviour and decision-making, helping us anticipate and mitigate hidden risks.Q) You've highlighted manufacturing, engineering, and infrastructure. What tailwinds are driving these sectors?A) Absolutely. These sectors are benefiting from multi-layered, long-duration tailwinds that are both policy-driven and structurally embedded in India’s economic transformation:1. Policy Thrust and Reform Momentum: The government’s Make in India push, along with sector-specific Production Linked Incentive (PLI) schemes across 14 sectors, has injected fresh capital and incentives into domestic manufacturing. Beyond fiscal support, we're seeing tangible ease-of-doing-business improvements—India jumped from rank 142 in 2014 to 63 in 2020 in the World Bank rankings (before the index was discontinued). Additionally, corporate tax reforms, labor code rationalisation, and digitisation initiatives have created a more conducive environment for formal, organised industrial growth. We are seeing an increased focus on import substitution which is driving opportunities in the manufacturing & engineering sectors.2. Export Upside and Global Realignment: India’s merchandise export market share has grown from 0.9% in 2005 to 1.8% in 2023. Yet, that still pales in comparison to China’s ~14% share—suggesting massive headroom for Indian exporters. Key categories like auto ancillaries, electronics, home textiles, industrial machinery, and chemicals are gaining traction globally. With Western companies diversifying supply chains (China+1, Europe+1), Indian manufacturers are stepping up to fill gaps—especially in precision engineering and components.3. Infra Spending Boom: Infrastructure investment has seen an unprecedented rise, from 1.7% of GDP in FY20 to 3.4% in FY25. The government’s ₹11.11 lakh crore capital outlay in the FY25 Union Budget—the highest ever—covers Railways, Roads, Ports, Defence, Green Energy, and Digital Infrastructure. This not only benefits core infra players but also second- and third-order beneficiaries in materials, logistics, safety systems, and specialised engineering solutions.From our vantage point, these tailwinds are not cyclical—they are structural. What we’re seeing is the foundation of a manufacturing renaissance in India. We’re positioning accordingly, backing companies that are either first movers or category leaders in these domains, with strong balance sheets and execution pedigree. Q) How are global shifts like China+1 and Europe+1 influencing your allocations?A) Europe+1 opportunity is clearly accelerating for Indian manufacturing. Europe is going through de-industrialising—Germany’s manufacturing PMI was below 45 for over 10 straight months in 2023 due to energy shocks and labor shortages post-Ukraine war.A lot of Indian companies are rising to the occasion and leveraging this opportunity. We are already seeing capacity shifting to India, particularly in auto systems, industrial components, and engineering services.China+1 is more selective. The migration is already visible in specialty chemicals (India now has over 12% global share, up from 3% in 2011), electronics, and apparel. Order books of some of our portfolio companies in these sectors are seeing growth of 20–30% YoY, validating the shift.We are continuously on look out for entrepreneurs who have scaled up in terms of their product quality and have got a foot in the door in the global supply chain and have the ability to leverage these opportunities.Q) You’re now deploying cash post-correction. What criteria are guiding your capital deployment?A) We are actively allocating capital into existing high-conviction positions where fundamentals remain intact and valuations have become even more compelling post-correction. Many of these businesses are trading at or below their 10-year median P/E ratios, despite continuing to deliver strong earnings visibility and sectoral tailwinds.While the correction has created pockets of deep value, we are aware of the second-order risks emanating from global tariff re-alignments which will result into potential supply chain bottlenecks, as well as other geopolitical issues linked volatility.As such, our deployment is always staggered, risk-aware, and anchored in long-term fundamentals—never an impulsive call. Our cash levels are now reducing, but we are still keeping enough dry powder to capitalise further if volatility persists. This discipline has historically allowed us to deploy from a position of strength and build positions with favourable asymmetry.(Disclaimer: Recommendations, suggestions, views, and opinions given by experts are their own. These do not represent the views of the Economic Times)

1. ED detains BluSmart co-founder Puneet Jaggi in connection with Gensol Group case  Hindustan Times
2. BluSmart Co-Founder Puneet Jaggi Detained From Delhi Hotel: Sources  NDTV
3. Gensol Engineering fall another 5%; drop for 12th day  The Economic Times
4. Gensol Engineering case: Now, NFRA joins investigation against promoters  Business Standard
5. Jaggi brothers: How the Gensol founders fell  The Hindu

1. BSF jawan held in Pakistan after crossing border  Hindustan Times
2. BSF jawan detained by Pak Rangers after he accidentally crosses border  Times of India
3. Pakistan Rangers detains BSF jawan, flag meetings held to secure his release  The Hindu
4. Father of BSF jawan detained by Pakistan Rangers, says family anxiously waiting for son's return  Deccan Herald
5. BSF constable crosses border, held by Pakistan  India Today

1. Scientists reveal how THIS weekly habit can fight depression  Times of India
2. Happy sex life, happier you? Study reveals the right frequency that reduces depression risk significantly  Hindustan Times
3. Weekly intimacy may ease depression, new study suggests  Daijiworld
4. How Often Do You Need to Have Sex to Not Be Depressed?  VICE
5. Scientists reveal how many times you should have sex per week to avoid depression  UNILAD

संवाद सहयोगी,बाढ़। Patna News: मोकामा प्रखंड के मेकरा गांव स्थित उत्क्रमित मध्य विद्यालय में शुक्रवार को मिड डे मील का खाना खाकर 50 से अधिक बच्चों की तबियत खराब हो गई। सभी चक्कर, उल्टी, पेट में मरोड़ की शिकायत कर रहे थे।

बच्चों ने स्वजन को बताया कि मिड डे मील में परोसी जाने वाली सब्जी में सांप गिरा हुआ था। उन्होंने शिक्षकों व रसोइयां को इसकी जानकारी दी लेकिन उन्होंने डांट-डपट कर खाना खिलाया। इसके बाद आक्रोशित ग्रामीण सड़कों पर उतर आए और हंगामा करने लगे।

हालांकि, मौके पर पहुंची पुलिस व जिला प्रशासन के अधिकारियों ने उन्हें कार्रवाई का आश्वासन देकर शांत करा दिया। साथ ही बच्चों को रेफरल अस्पताल में भर्ती कराया। इलाज कर रहे डा. पंकज कुमार ने बताया कि सभी बच्चों की हालत खतरे से बाहर है।

स्कूल में पांच सौ बच्चे, चार सौ ने किया था भोजन 

स्कूल में दोपहर को जब मिड डे मील परोसा जा रहा था तब कुछ बच्चों ने देखा कि सब्जी में सांप पड़ा हुआ है। उन्होंने इसकी जानकारी शिक्षकों व रसोइया को दी। शिक्षकों ने इस पर ध्यान नहीं दिया और रसोइया ने सांप निकाल कर बोरे में डाल फेंक दिया। इसके बाद वही खाना सभी को परोसा दिया गया। स्कूल में करीब पांच सौ बच्चे थे लेकिन सौ ने खाना खाने से इंकार कर दिया।

जिन बच्चों ने खाना खाया था, घर पहुंचने के बाद उन्हें उल्टी, चक्कर व पेट में दर्द होने लगा। इसके बाद बच्चों ने घरवालों को खाने में सांप होने की जानकारी दी। इसके बाद ग्रामीण स्कूल के सामने सड़क जाम कर हंगामा करने लगे।

सूचना पाकर शिक्षक व स्कूल के अन्य कर्मचारी ताला बंद कर चले गए थे। लगभग पचास बच्चों को करीब चार घंटे तक अस्पताल में रख कर उपचार किया गया। डाक्टरों के अनुसार सभी बच्चे अब स्वस्थ है।

ये भी पढ़ें

Mokama News: गंगा में नहा रहे एक ही परिवार के 5 युवक डूबे, तीन की मौत; मची चीख-पुकार

Patna News: मोकामा में दिल दहला देने वाली घटना, युवती के सिर में मारी 4 गोलियां, पाईन किनारे फेंका शव

1. Encounter breaks out in North Kashmirs Bandipora  Greater Kashmir
2. J&K Encounter Alert: Gunfight Breaks Out Between Security Forces and Militants in Bandipora  Deccan Herald
3. Big action after Pahalgam terror attack: Top LeT commander Altaf Lalli killed in Bandipora  Business Today
4. Biryani, bedding, buckets, and a lot more unearthed from Pahalgam terrorists’ hideout in Kulgam  The Financial Express
5. Encounter breaks out in J&K's Kulgam, day after Pahalgam terror attack  Times of India

1. ‘Vladimir, STOP!’: Trump tells Putin after deadly Kyiv strike  The Hindu
2. Ukraine hit by another night of deadly Russian strikes despite Trump’s ‘Vladimir, STOP!’ plea  CNN
3. Ukraine war briefing: Zelenskyy links missile used in Kyiv attack to North Korea  The Guardian
4. Russia-Ukraine war: List of key events, day 1,156  Al Jazeera
5. Trump To Impose More Sanctions On Russia After Kyiv Missile Attack? U.S. President Responds | Putin  Hindustan Times

1. Amid Kim Sae Ron controversy, Kim Soo Hyun's beach photo with mystery person goes viral  Bollywood Life
2. Kim Soo Hyun’s global fan community hires lawyer over cyberbullying, slammed for disrespecting Kim Sae Ron  The Indian Express
3. Kim Soo-hyun shows how a single rumour can erase billions—and expose Korea’s media for feasting on scandal  DMNews
4. Despite Kim Sae Ron scandal, Kim Soo Hyun stands strong; global fans park support truck for actor outside his  Indiatimes
5. Kim Soo Hyun Fan Union announces legal action over defamation in dating scandal  Inquirer.net

जागरण संवाददाता, पटना। Bihar Weather: बिहार के अधिकतर भागों में उष्ण लहर के साथ गर्म दिन की स्थिति बनी हुई है। सामान्य से अधिक तापमान व पछुआ के प्रभाव से गर्मी से लोग परेशान हैं। सूर्य के प्रचंड ताप के कारण भीषण गर्मी का प्रभाव बना हुआ है।

26 से 30 अप्रैल के बीच तेज आंधी-बारिश की चेतावनी

हालांकि, दो दिनों के बाद मौसम में परिवर्तन के साथ पुरवा हवा के सक्रिय होने के साथ 26-30 अप्रैल के बीच अधिसंख्य भागों में आंधी-पानी व हल्की वर्षा से मौसम सामान्य बने रहने की संभावना है।

इन 7 जिलों में होगी जोरदार बारिश

26 अप्रैल को उत्तरी भागों के पूर्वी चंपारण, किशनगंज, अररिया,सुपौल,सीतामढ़ी, शिवहर, मधुबनी में आंधी-पानी के साथ आफत की वर्षा को लेकर चेतावनी जारी की गई है।

इन जिलों में हीट वेव को लेकर येलो अलर्ट जारी

मौसम विज्ञान केंद्र पटना के अनुसार अगले 24 घंटों के दौरान प्रदेश के छह जिलों पूर्वी चंपारण, सुपौल, मुजफ्फरपुर, दरभंगा, गोपालगंज एवं भागलपुर जिले के एक या दो स्थानों पर हीट वेव उष्ण लहर को लेकर यलो अलर्ट जारी किया गया है।

जबकि, पटना सहित 22 शहरों में गर्म दिन रहने के साथ आर्द्र दिन रहने की संभावना है। वहीं,  कुछ स्थानों पर 50-60 किमी प्रतिघंटा की गति से तेज हवा चलने के आसार है। पटना व आसपास इलाकों में मेघ गर्जन, बिजली चमकने के साथ छिटपुट वर्षा के आसार जताए गए हैं। गुरुवार को पटना समेत अधिसंख्य भागों के अधिकतम तापमान में वृद्धि दर्ज की गई।

पटना का तापमान 4 डिग्री से अधिक बढ़ा

पटना का अधिकतम तापमान में सामान्य से चार डिग्री बढ़ोतरी के साथ गुरुवार को 41.4 डिग्री सेल्सियस दर्ज किया गया जबकि 42.6 डिग्री सेल्सियस के साथ दूसरे दिन भी गया शहर सबसे गर्म रहा। सुपौल में हीट वेव व मोतिहारी में सर्वाधिक हीट वेव का प्रभाव बना रहा।

पटना व आसपास इलाकों में गर्म हवा चलने के साथ लू जैसी स्थिति बनी रही। गुरुवार को छपरा, मुजफ्फरपुर, जीरादेई, समस्तीपुर, दरभंगा, मधुबनी, मधेपुरा को छोड़ पटना सहित शेष जिलों के अधिकतम तापमान में वृद्धि दर्ज की गई।

प्रमुख शहरों के तापमान में वृद्धि 

बीते 24 घंटों के दौरान बक्सर के अधिकतम तापमान में 1.4 डिग्री, बांका में 1.7 डिग्री, पटना में 0.2 डिग्री, औरंगाबाद में 0.2 डिग्री, अरवल में 0.2 डिग्री, भोजपुर में 0.4 डिग्री, कटिहार में 0.4 डिग्री, मुंगेर में 0.8 डिग्री सेल्सियस की वृद्धि दर्ज की गई। 

1. RIL to announce Q4 results today. 5 things to watch out for in the earnings card  The Economic Times
2. RIL Q4 Preview: Retail, digital likely to grow; O2C earnings may weaken  Moneycontrol
3. Reliance Industries Q4 Results Live: Stock recovers losses ahead of earnings announcement  CNBC TV18
4. Q4 Results Live Updates: Maruti Suzuki profit drops by 1.04% to Rs 3911.10 crore  The Financial Express
5. Q4 Results Today Live Updates: Maruti reports cons. profit of ₹3911.1 cr, Hindustan Zinc profit up, Reliance Industries Q4 revenue may dip, Shriram Finance, Tata Tech to announce Q4 results, Axis Bank, SBI Cards tumble, SBI Life soars  BusinessLine

India's leading conglomerate Reliance Industries Ltd (RIL) will announce its fourth quarter results today. The company is expected to see decline in profitability on the back of weak oil-to-chemicals (O2C) business. However, the retail and Jio businesses show strength and contribute heavily to the overall growth.Here are 5 things to watch out for in RIL Q4 resultsCore EarningsOn average, six brokerages expect the company’s net profit for the fourth quarter to drop by about 5% compared with last year. At the same time, they predict its sales revenue will go up by around 4%.Analysts see Reliance Industries’ overall EBITDA (earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation, and amortization) will grow between 1% and 3%, thanks mostly to higher telecom prices and a stronger retail business.O2C business to remain weakO2C’s (oil-to-chemicals) EBITDA is estimated at around Rs 13600 crore in the fourth quarter, a moderation of 6% quarter-on-quarter (QoQ), led by lower refining margins due decline in spreads for gasoline and jet fuel, partly offset by favorable FX movements.Refining margins are also likely to moderate to $8.9 per bbl.Retail business to show strengthThe growth for Reliance Retail likely remained healthy in the fourth quarter as Nomura estimated core retail revenue of Rs 57,500 crore, up 15% YoY and EBITDA of Rs 6600 crore, up 16% YoY, with margins rising to 7.5%.Jio's dominance to continueThe consumer-facing business continues to deliver at a healthy pace even in Jio. Analysts estimate Jio’s EBITDA at Rs 15600 crore, underpinned by strong increase in subscriber base by 6 million subs to 488 million and modestly higher ARPU of Rs 205 per month.DividendAlong with the fourth quarter, the Board said it will consider and approve a dividend for investors. This will be the first dividend after nearly three quarters and also first for the fiscal year 2025.(Disclaimer: Recommendations, suggestions, views and opinions given by the experts are their own. These do not represent the views of Economic Times)

1. WhatsApp Defends ‘Optional’ AI Tool with No Off Switch  TechStory
2. WhatsApp Confirms How To Block Meta AI From Your Chats  Forbes
3. WhatsApp defends 'optional' AI tool that cannot be turned off  BBC
4. 'I hate Meta' How to limit Meta AI on WhatsApp as users demand removal  London Evening Standard
5. Anger as Meta AI chatbot added to WhatsApp, raising privacy fears  9to5Mac

1. Ground Zero Box Office collection Day 1: Emraan Hashmi starrer off to a moderate start amid real-world Pa  Times of India
2. Ground Zero movie review: Emraan Hashmi’s gripping Kashmir drama strikes a much-needed balance in these fraught times  The Indian Express
3. EXCLUSIVE! 'Ground Zero' star Emraan Hashmi before the Pahalgam terror attack: 'It was a smooth-sailing shoot in Kashmir; more films should follow soon'  Firstpost
4. Ground Zero box office collection: On release date, Emraan Hashmi’s movie is estimated to earn...  Mint
5. Post Pahalgam’s Savage Carnage, Ground Zero’s Chilling Revisitation Into The Valley Of Death  news24online.com

कुमार रजत, पटना। बिहार की निचली अदालतों में तीन साल से अधिक पुराने करीब 71 प्रतिशत मुकदमे लंबित हैं। इंडिया जस्टिस रिपोर्ट के अनुसार, जनवरी, 2025 तक देश के 25 में से 22 राज्य ऐसे हैं, जिनकी निचली अदालतों में 25 प्रतिशत से अधिक केस तीन साल से अधिक समय से लंबित हैं।

इनमें 11 राज्यों व केंद्रशासित प्रदेश की निचली अदालतों में 45 प्रतिशत से अधिक मामले लंबित हैं। बिहार में देश में सर्वाधिक सर्वाधिक 70.7 प्रतिशत केस निचली अदालतों में लंबित हैं।

ताजा रिपोर्ट के अनुसार, देश के 25 हाईकोर्ट में 51 प्रतिशत से अधिक केस पांच साल से अधिक समय से लंबित हैं। इलाहाबाद, पंजाब और हरियाणा हाईकोर्ट का प्रदर्शन इस मानक पर सबसे खराब है, जबकि त्रिपुरा, सिक्किम और मेघालय हाईकोर्ट का प्रदर्शन सबसे बेहतर है। इस मानक पर पटना हाईकोर्ट की स्थिति थोड़ी बेहतर है। जनवरी, 2025 तक पटना हाईकोर्ट में शून्य से पांच साल तक के 52.9 प्रतिशत मुकदमे लंबित हैं।

वहीं, 10 से 20 साल पुराने 28.9 प्रतिशत जबकि 20 साल से अधिक 18.3 प्रतिशत मुकदमे लंबित हैं। पांच साल तक लंबित केस का राष्ट्रीय औसत 49.3 प्रतिशत है। दस से 20 साल का राष्ट्रीय औसत 25.9 प्रतिशत और 20 साल से अधिक पुराने केस का राष्ट्रीय औसत 24.8 प्रतिशत है।

पटना हाईकोर्ट जजों के औसत के मामले में सबसे बेहतर:

इंडिया जस्टिस रिपोर्ट के अनुसार, ला कमिशन ने 1987 में दस लाख की आबादी पर 50 जजों की अनुशंसा की थी। वर्तमान में प्रति दस लाख की आबादी पर निचली अदालतों में जजों का राष्ट्रीय औसत 14 जबकि हाईकोर्ट में राष्ट्रीय औसत 1.9 है।

बिहार में निचली अदालतों में दस लाख की आबादी पर जजों का औसत 11.8 प्रतिशत है, जबकि हाईकोर्ट में जजों का प्रतिशत 3.8 प्रतिशत है। निचली अदालतों के मामलों में पंजाब, उत्तराखंड और मध्यप्रदेश में जजों का औसत सबसे अधिक है। देश में सर्वाधिक हाईकोर्ट जजों का औसत बिहार में 3.8 है।

इसके बाद उत्तरप्रदेश में 3.0, मध्यप्रदेश में 2.7 प्रतिशत है। पटना हाईकोर्ट में फरवरी, 2025 तक जजों के 35.8 प्रतिशत पद रिक्त थे। वहीं बिहार के अधीनस्थ और निचली अदालतों में जजों के 23.9 प्रतिशत पद रिक्त हैं। हाईकोर्ट स्टाफ के भी 39.8 प्रतिशत पद रिक्त पाए गए हैं।

इस मानक पर उत्तरप्रदेश हाईकोर्ट में सर्वाधिक 50.6, ओडिशा में 45.5 और पश्चिम बंगाल में 40.3 प्रतिशत हाईकोर्ट जज के पद रिक्त हैं। राष्ट्रीय स्तर पर निचली अदालतों में 38 प्रतिशत जज महिलाएं हैं, जबकि हाईकोर्ट में 14 प्रतिशत जज महिलाएं हैं। सुप्रीम कोर्ट में छह प्रतिशत महिला जज है। बिहार के हाईकोर्ट में 2.9 प्रतिशत जज महिलाएं हैं। वहीं निचली अदालतों में 26.6 प्रतिशत जज महिलाएं हैं। निचली अदालतों में बिहार से कम महिला जज गुजरात और झारखंड में हैं।

निचली अदालतों में सर्वाधिक लंबित मुकदमे वाले राज्य: राज्य लंबित केस (प्रतिशत में) बिहार 70.0 ओडिशा 58.5 पश्चिम बंगाल 55.8 उत्तर प्रदेश 52.9 महाराष्ट्र 47.7

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